Thaindian News

Washington, Apr 13 (ANI): Scientists have discovered a fossilized dinosaur skull and neck vertebrae that not only reveal a new species, but also an evolutionary link between two groups of dinosaurs.

The team of scientists led by the Smithsonian Institution, found the new species, Daemonosaurus chauliodus, at Ghost Ranch, N.M.The oldest known dinosaurs walked or ran on their hind legs and included early predatory species such as Herrerasaurus. They existed in what are now Argentina and Brazil early in the Late Triassic Period, approximately 230 million years ago.

The evolutionary position of these early predatory dinosaurs was contentious because there was a gap in the fossil record between them and later theropod dinosaurs.

The team’s discovery of Daemonosaurus chauliodus helps fill in the gap, though its total length is not known, as only the skull and neck were found. The dinosaur’s skull is narrow and relatively deep, measuring 5.5 inches long from the tip of its snout to the back of the skull and has proportionately large eye sockets.

The upper jaw has large, forward-slanted front teeth. It is this feature that helped the scientists name the species.

The name Daemonosaurus is based on the Greek words “daimon” meaning evil spirit (because it was found at Ghost Ranch), and “sauros” meaning lizard or reptile.

The species name chauliodus is derived from the Greek word for “buck-toothed” and refers to the species’ big slanted front teeth.

Daemonosaurus, a basal (primitive) theropod species, was dated to the latest part of the Triassic Period approximately 205 million years ago, just before the beginning of the Jurassic Period.

This altered the previous belief that all basal dinosaurs had vanished millions of years earlier.

The skull and neck vertebrae of Daemonosaurus also revealed several features similar to those in neotheropods-the succeeding group of dinosaurs on the evolutionary timeline.

Hans Sues, a curator of vertebrate paleontology at the Smithsonian’s National Museum of Natural History, is lead author of the team’s findings.”Various features of the skull and neck in Daemonosaurus indicate that it was intermediate between the earliest known predatory dinosaurs from South America and more advanced theropod dinosaurs,” Sues said.

“One such feature is the presence of cavities on some of the neck vertebrae related to the structure of the respiratory system,” he stated.

The team’s findings have been published in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B. (ANI)